The Influence of Tidal Fluctuations on Income Economy through Current Circulation in the Beba Fisheries Port Area, Takalar Regency

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of tidal fluctuations on current circulation patterns and their implications for income economy in Beba Fishing Port, Takalar Regency, South Sulawesi. Field measurements were conducted using bathymetric surveys (0–5 m), 30-day tidal observations, sediment texture analysis, and two-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations. Results indicate that tidal fluctuations are classified as mixed semidiurnal tides (f < 1.5) with a tidal range of approximately 1.5 m. Current circulation is predominantly reciprocal, governed by tidal forcing. The maximum current velocity (0.0070 m/s) was concentrated at the port entrance due to a funneling effect, while currents significantly weakened within the shallow basin. This low-energy zone aligns with sediment analysis, which identified coarse sandy clay with a clay-silt fraction of 32.8%, indicating a high potential for fine sediment deposition. The weakening circulation in the basin reduces water flushing efficiency, thereby increasing the risk of sedimentation and port shoaling. From an economic perspective, sedimentation and reduced navigational efficiency directly affect fishing activities, operational costs, and fishermen’s income stability. These findings highlight the necessity of integrated coastal and port management strategies, including scheduled dredging and circulation enhancement, to sustain fisheries productivity and economic resilience in tidal-influenced fishing harbors.